Wednesday, June 15, 2022

Personal income tax slabs on the cards: FBR

FBR
The government is reviewing the new slabs announced for personal income tax (PIT) to bring them in line with the demands of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the chairman of the Federal Board of Revenue (FBR), Asim Ahmad, said.

Ahmad saw it as quite the predicament given the narrow tax base which makes it difficult to raise the rate from 35% to 70% for higher income slabs.

Most of the taxpayers were excluded from initial slabs and the government wanted to protect the monthly income earner of Rs200,000.

“It is a difficult situation and different options are under consideration for jacking up rates of income slabs beyond income earner of Rs200,000 per month as this step could reduce the relief from the existing Rs47 billion proposed through the budget,” the FBR chairman FBR said, while talking to reporters outside the Senate Standing Committee on Finance meeting at the Parliament House where a meeting to finalise recommendations for budget 2022-23 was held.

The government is considering keeping low rates for slabs up to income earners of Rs5 million after which all the remaining slabs will be adjusted upwards to recover the existing relief of Rs47 billion on Personal Income Tax and then ensure net collection up to level acceptable to the IMF.



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Protests against prophet remarks continue in India

India protests
Thousands of Muslims marched in the eastern Indian city of Kolkata on Tuesday in a second week of protests, while six prominent former judges said a state government had acted illegally by demolishing the house of a Muslim activist.

Muslims have taken to the streets across India to protest against anti-Islamic comments made by two members of the Bharatiya Janata Party.Uttar Pradesh CM Yogi Adityanath, a BJP hardliner, ordered the weekend demolition of any illegal buildings of people accused of involvement in riots last week, including the home of activist Mohammad Javed.

In a letter addressed to the chief justice, six former judges and six senior lawyers on Tuesday condemned the state’s action in destroying Javed’s house.

The former judges and lawyers urged the Supreme Court to take action to “arrest the deteriorating law and order situation” in Uttar Pradesh.



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Thinking digital twin within a decade?

Digital Twin
With sophisticated 3D computer models, AI and other sensors that will connect physical things to the network, a digital twin version of a human is possible, with a goal to help and improve the real counterpart.

Technology analyst, Rob Enderle, believes that “the first versions of thinking human digital twins” will be ready before the end of the decade.

He says, "The emergence of these will need a huge amount of thought and ethical consideration, because a thinking replica of ourselves could be incredibly useful to employers”.

Enderle thinks that the ownership of digital twins will become the defining questions of the metaverse era. Human twins, though primitive, have already been developed with VR avatars.

Senior research fellow in AI at Oxford University, Professor Sandra Wachter thinks that the appeal of digital twins is “reminiscent of exciting science fiction novels, and at the moment that is the stage where it is at".

However, Wachter believes that AI is not a good predictor of “single social events, due to their inherent complexity. And so, we have a long ways to go until we can understand and model a person's life from beginning to end, assuming that is ever possible."

Digital twin technology is being used widely to replicate cities like Singapore and Shanghai for better infrastructure suggestions, designing sustainable bottles, Formula One racing cars and even in creating virtual model of the human heart for testing and analysis.



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Dollar continues to extend gains, glides past Rs206

Glides past Rs206
In line with expectations, the rupee has plunged further and crossed Rs206 against the US dollar for the first time in the inter-bank market on Wednesday.

The domestic currency was available at Rs206.09 against the greenback, losing a fresh Rs0.93, a currency market dealer reported at 9.45 am.

This is the fourth consecutive working day of free-fall in the rupee, losing a cumulative 2.65% (or Rs5.32) to date.

The central bank has seemed helpless in controlling the speculative fall in the rupee as the domestic fair value is projected at Rs190 against the greenback by BMA Capital Executive Director Saad Hashemy.

On Monday, Finance Minister Miftah Ismail said abolishing the subsidies on petroleum products till July was imperative to prevent the country from going bankrupt, hinting at another increase in the prices of fuel that whizzed past records earlier this month.

Ministry of Finance’s former adviser Dr Khaqan Najeeb said: “Markets are uncomfortable due to the uncertainty about the IMF loan programme.”

The country should have initiated the process of reviving the stalled loan programme a few months earlier," he added.



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Pakistan envoy discusses bilateral ties with Joe Biden

US-Pakistan relations
Ambassador Masood Khan, Islamabad’s ambassador in Washington, has met US President Joe Biden on his visit to the White House where the two discussed building a "strong basis for moving Pakistan-US ties forward".

According to a press release issued by the Pakistan Embassy in the US, Khan visited the White House for a "meet and greet" and an official photograph with the US president — an established tradition for newly appointed envoys.

"During the ceremony, the US President and the ambassador had a brief conversation on building a strong basis for moving the US-Pakistan ties forward," the statement said.

The US government follows a tradition whereby after the appointment of new ambassadors to Washington, a ceremony is held at the White House where new envoys present their credentials to the head of state conforming to their appointment.

Khan was sent to Washington on March 25, when the PTI government was still in power, but after former prime minister Imran Khan’s ouster on April 11, there was speculation that the change in Islamabad would also impact diplomatic appointments.

Later, Pakistan’s envoy to the United Nations, Ambassador Munir Akram, explained that incumbent ambassadors continue to represent the country in foreign capitals unless specifically asked by the new government to return home. Neither Ambassador Khan nor Ambassador Akram was asked to do so.

On his arrival in Washington earlier this week, Khan received a letter from the chief of protocol at the US State Department, endorsing his appointment as Pakistan’s ‘working ambassador’ in Washington.

Later, on April 19, he also received a letter from the US president’s office, formally confirming his appointment.

Meanwhile, the statement issued today said that forty-six other ambassadors were also present there for the official photograph with the President, which was taken one by one. "They too had not been able to call on the President for more than a year because of the Covid-19 restrictions," it added.

Since President Biden’s age, 79, makes him particularly vulnerable to the virus, the White House tried to minimise the president’s contact with others. Diplomatic sources in Washington earlier told Dawn that Covid-19 had also hit the credentials ceremony.

Now, the White House processed all the documents and issues the necessary letters first and then invited an ambassador for the photo session.



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Tuesday, June 14, 2022

'Air pollution cuts life expectancy by more than 2 years'

Air polution
Chronic air pollution cuts average global life expectancy by more than two years per person, a study published showed, an impact comparable to that of smoking and far worse than HIV/AIDS or terrorism.

More than 97% of the global population lives in areas where air pollution exceeds recommended levels, the University of Chicago's Energy Policy Institute (EPIC) said in its latest Air Quality Life Index, which used satellite data to measure levels of PM2.5, hazardous floating particles that damage the lungs.

It said that if global PM2.5 levels were reduced to the five micrograms per cubic metre recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO), average life expectancy would rise by an average of 2.2 years.

Air pollution has been neglected as a public health issue, with funding to address the problem still inadequate, the study warned.

"Now that our understanding of pollution's impact has improved, there's a stronger case for governments to prioritise it as an urgent policy issue," said Christa Hasenkopf, director of EPIC's Air Quality Life Index.

Residents of South Asia lose an estimated five years of life as a result of smog, the study said, with India accounting for around 44% of the world's increase in air pollution since 2013.

Residents of China could live an average of 2.6 years longer if WHO standards were reached, though life expectancy has improved by around two years since 2013, when the country began a "war on pollution" that cut PM2.5 by around 40%.

EPIC's calculations were based on a previous study showing that sustained exposure to an additional 10 micrograms per cubic metre of PM2.5 would reduce life expectancy by nearly a year.

Not a single country managed to meet the WHO's 5-microgram standard in 2021, according to a survey of pollution data published earlier this year.



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Monday, June 13, 2022

US envoy rejects Imran's regime change claim

Donald Blome
After former Prime Minister Imran Khan claimed he was deposed due to a US-led coup and launched a statewide campaign, the new US ambassador to Pakistan, Donald Blome, signalled Washington's willingness to move on from the regime change debate by convening a strong two-way dialogue.

Blome said US is willing to engage in a robust two-way dialogue with Pakistan's government, political parties, and civil society.

Former PM Imran Khan had launched a statewide campaign asking for "freedom" from foreign powers' enslavement. As a result, rising anti-American sentiment emerged as the single most serious impediment to Washington's ability to achieve its foreign policy goals in Pakistan.

In an interview, Ambassador Blome reaffirmed the rejection of Khan's "regime change" claim, saying Washington was "quite clear" about it.

"However, I believe that the best thing we can do in the future is to continue interacting at all levels of Pakistani society, as we have done for the past 75 years!" he said. He went on to say that the involvement would not be restricted to government officials, but also include political leaders, corporate leaders, civil society, and youth.

As part of this two-way dialogue, he said he will "listen to and understand" what's going on here, "transfer that understanding" to Washington, and share US "ideas and perspectives as plainly and transparently as possible" with audiences here.

He added that beyond the polarisation in internal politics over US relations, Islamabad's new government has always been ready to revive bilateral ties. The first chance presented itself in the form of Secretary of State Antony Blinken's invitation to Foreign Minister Bilawal Bhutto-Zardari to attend a United Nations food security summit.

Bilawal and Blinken also met on the margins of the New York conference on May 18, the first high-level face-to-face communication between the two sides in months.

Ambassador Blome said that "a number of follow-ups" were being planned based on what the two foreign ministers said was on the agenda for their meeting.

"I'll do some of that here," he said, "and I expect we'll see a variety of US visitors to Pakistan in the coming months to expand on it."

The US and Pakistan are getting ready to start discussion on the health sector in Washington. This seems to be a step toward resuming formal bilateral talks that have been put on hold for a long time.

The envoy cited the two countries' "partnership" in combating the global COVID-19 outbreak as an example of health collaboration.

To help Pakistan fight the pandemic, the US has given it more than 61 million doses of COVID vaccine, $69 million in money, and $9 million in other kinds of help.

"We can build on this effort not only in terms of support but also in terms of expanding private sector collaborations in the health sector," the ambassador told the publication.

At that point, Ambassador Blome stated that he was "dedicated to fostering further development of our bilateral trade and investment," similar to the emphasis on investment and trade during the foreign ministers' meeting. He says that health, climate, and education are other areas where cooperation could be improved.

Ambassador Blome, the first full-time American’s ambassador in Islamabad in nearly four years, took over his post at a time when Afghanistan appears to be no longer a dominant issue in bilateral relations, following last year's withdrawal of US forces from the country at the end of a 20-year war, the longest in American history.

He stated that for some time to come, counterterrorism collaboration will continue to be a distinguishing element of the US-Pakistan partnership.

At the same time, Ambassador Blome stated that the United States seeks a "strong collaboration with Pakistan on counterterrorism" and that Islamabad should take "sustained" and indiscriminate action against all militant and terrorist groups.

The ambassador was asked directly if the US and Pakistan were talking about moving drone bases closer to Afghanistan as part of their efforts to work together more on fighting terrorism, but he didn't answer.

"The United States is dedicated to preventing terrorist threats from resurfacing, whether in Afghanistan or elsewhere." Terrorism is a global problem that requires a worldwide response. "We will continue to engage partners, friends, and critical states throughout the world on how to best confront terrorism," he said, citing President Joe Biden's remarks about developing capabilities and deploying forces in the region to prevent terrorists from reappearing from the horizon.

The ambassador said the US would work with Pakistan to "press the Taliban to prevent terrorist groups from using Afghanistan as a base for external operations and to meet the international community's expectations, including pressing the Taliban to adhere to their counterterrorism commitments, form an inclusive government, and protect women and girls' rights."

Pakistan's "ongoing efforts in fighting the financing of terrorism and prioritising anti-money laundering measures" were also praised by Ambassador Blome in an interview.

His comments came ahead of the Financial Action Task Force plenary meeting today (June 14) in Berlin. Pakistan, which has been on the global illicit finance watchdog's 'grey list' since June 2018, will have its progress assessed.



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Islamabad court dismisses Gill’s bail plea in sedition case

A District and Sessions court of Islamabad dismissed the post arrest bail petition of PTI leader Shahbaz Gill on Tuesday. Additional Dist...